India Vs Pakistani Relations
Territorial disputes over the Kashmir region have been a source of tension between India and Pakistan for decades, resulting in major conflicts in 1947, 1965, and 1999. Despite a fragile cease-fire since 2003, both countries frequently engage in cross-border fire along the Line of Control. The skirmishes that began in late 2016 and continued into 2018 caused casualties and displacement on both sides of the border.
Attempts at Peace Talks
In 2014, there was hope for improved relations when India’s Prime Minister Modi invited his Pakistani counterpart, Nawaz Sharif, to his inauguration. However, talks were canceled after the Pakistani high commissioner in India met with Kashmiri separatist leaders. In 2015, there were several openings for dialogue, including a surprise visit by Prime Minister Modi to Lahore. Yet, momentum toward meaningful talks came to an end in 2016 after a militant attack on an Indian Army base in Uri, leading to heightened tensions.
India Vs Pakistani Relations: Escalation and Cease-Fire
In 2017 and 2018, militant attacks and cross-border shelling increased, resulting in casualties and anti-India protests in Kashmir. Indian military operations targeting militants and demonstrations led to a temporary cease-fire during Ramadan in 2018. India and Pakistan agreed to restore the terms of their 2003 cease-fire agreement in May 2018.
Ongoing Concerns
The presence of jihadi fighters and proxy groups in Kashmir poses a threat and increases the potential for a severe military confrontation. The international community, including the United States, recognizes South Asia as a region of concern due to terrorism, religious extremism, and nuclear proliferation risks.
Recent Developments
The situation in Kashmir remains volatile, with continued violence and the threat of terrorist activities. In August 2019, the Indian government revoked Article 370, removing the special status of Jammu and Kashmir. The region has since been under lockdown, with restricted communication and numerous detentions.
In February 2019, a deadly attack on an Indian paramilitary convoy in Indian-controlled Kashmir led to heightened tensions. India conducted airstrikes targeting a terrorist training camp in Pakistan, and Pakistan responded with air strikes in Indian-administered Kashmir. The situation escalated into an aerial engagement, resulting in the downing of Indian military aircraft and the capture and subsequent release of an Indian pilot by Pakistan.
India Vs Pakistani Relations: Conclusion
Indo-Pakistani relations have been characterized by a long history of conflict and occasional attempts at peace talks. Recent developments have further strained the relationship, with Kashmir remaining a contentious issue. The international community, including the United States, closely monitors the situation to ensure regional stability and prevent a potentially devastating military confrontation between India and Pakistan, both nuclear-armed nations.
